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By Dennis Thompson HealthDay Reporter
health day
MONDAY, April 1, 2024 (HealthDay News) — A new real-world study shows that vaccine protection against mpox wanes rapidly, even in people with compromised human immune systems. , who have received the full two-dose regimen.
Antibody levels fell to low or near zero within the first few months after vaccination, Until The man had previously been vaccinated against smallpox, scientists told the European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases in Barcelona on Saturday.
In the study, less than half of the men without prior smallpox vaccination had any detectable antibodies to mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) 28 days after their second jab, as That’s what the findings showed.
“The results presented here indicate that booster doses may be required to maintain long-term protective immunity,” the researcher said. Dr. Clara SondenDeputy State Epidemiologist for the Public Health Agency of Sweden.
The researchers noted that there are no ongoing clinical trials investigating booster doses for the mpox vaccine, and such trials are needed to inform public health guidelines.
Cases of mpox increased in European countries in late 2023, after a sharp decline in the months following the vaccine’s approval there in late 2022, the researchers said.
A case study presented at the meeting also illustrates the point of the new study: A 35-year-old man developed mpox infection despite receiving two doses of the Genios vaccine.
In January 2024, two years after getting vaccinated, the man attended an event in Vienna with multiple sexual partners, the researchers said.
Five days later, the researchers said, the patient complained of fever, chills, headache, difficulty urinating, bloody diarrhea and itching in the penis and anus.
Tests revealed that the man had an active and severe Mpox infection. It took 25 days for his scabs to fall off and swab tests showed that the infection was gone.
“This was Austria’s first monkeypox breakthrough case,” said Dr. Luigi Segagni-Lusignani, of the public health authority in Vienna. “Despite no hospitalization, the clinical course was no less severe than in unvaccinated patients, who had longer disease duration and higher scores on the monkeypox severity scale.”
For the antibody study, researchers followed 100 gay men who went to a sexual health clinic in Stockholm to receive the European mumps vaccine, Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic.
The researchers found that men who had previously been vaccinated against smallpox continued to have potentially protective levels of smallpox antibodies when tested again in 28 days.
Researchers believe that previous smallpox vaccination helped immune “memory” cells to better adapt to the mpox virus, because the men already had antibodies against smallpox.
Sonden’s research team concluded, “Monkeypox vaccination results in neutralizing antibodies only in a small proportion of those vaccinated, and a significant decline occurs only during the first month after vaccination.”
Sweden’s largest sexual health clinic plans to conduct a randomized clinical trial of booster doses, the researchers said. However, some cases of mpox have been reported in Sweden.
Since the findings of both studies were presented at a medical meeting, they should be considered preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed journal.
The World Health Organization has more information about this mpox,
Source: European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, news release, March 30, 2024
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